Showing posts with label HBNC. Show all posts
Showing posts with label HBNC. Show all posts

24 Underperforming Bank Stocks

Stuck Owning Stock in a Bank that Should be Sold?


Image of a person's legs with boots stuck in mud
Happily, if you’ve owned some of the bank’s stock for awhile,* there’s a legal process whereby you can strongly encourage management to sell the bank. 

Specifically, according to SEC Rule §240.14a-8, you can write a shareholder proposal that the bank’s board of directors must include in the next proxy statement they send to all shareholders.

Submitting individual shareholder proposals to bank management has gotten easier since 2010, but it appears that interest in supporting such proposals is just starting to be “a thing.” Personally, I’d like to see it become an even bigger thing, because there are a couple dozen community banks in the country that could use a public kick in the pants, ideally dealt from a shareholder in their own back yard.

Disclosure: As of this posting, I own shares in all but one of the 25 banks mentioned in this post and may subsequently either dispose of them or purchase more.

How It Works
*WHO Can Submit a Proposal
According to SEC rules, if you’ve owned the following dollar values of a given bank stock for the following durations, then you can submit a proposal to management that the bank must both include in its next proxy statement, and present to your fellow shareholders for a vote.
  • $2K for three years
  • $15K for two years
  • $25K for one year

HOW To Submit a Proposal 
Basically, to deliver this sort of kick, you write a proposal outlining your reasons for believing it’s high time management sell the bank, submit your proposal to the bank with a letter that conforms both to SEC rules and the bank’s previous proxy statement, and follow up with bank management as needed to see it through to a proxy vote. 


WHAT to Expect
Management may ignore you (if you let them) in an attempt to run out the proxy deadline clock. They may try to talk you out of it, challenge your right to make the proposal, or claim your proposal is deficient in some way. 

Note that even if your proposal is deficient, there’s a deadline for the bank to make this claim, and the bank is required by SEC rules to afford you time to cure the deficiency, for example, by amending your proposal or submitting documentation supporting your claims.

Good Example
Mid-Southern Bank Management Gets a Kick in the Pants
Since the day it went public in July 2018, Indiana’s Mid-Southern Bancorp (MSVB) has been mismanaged and underperforming. Unsurprisingly, Mid-Southern’s performance invited pressure from shareholders losing money on the stock. 

On August 3, 2021, Mid-Southern silenced its loudest shareholder critic by buying him out at a premium not afforded to other MSVB shareholders. 

On December 22, 2023, another shareholder of Mid-Southern Bancorp submitted a formal proposal recommending the bank be sold. Apparently, Mid-Southern deemed this shareholder too small to be worthy of a premium buy-out offer, but as required by law, the bank did publish the shareholder’s proposal in the proxy for its annual meeting. The proposal won 56% of the shareholder vote, in spite of self-serving opposition by bank Management and proxy advisors. 

Was the kick enough to make Mid-Southern respect shareholders' demands to sell the bank? Time will tell. But it was a well-deserved and well-delivered kick that should inspire confidence in shareholders seeking to protect their investments from being squandered.

24 Invitations
Banks Deserving a Kick in the Pants
Here’s a shortlist of community banks I believe are worth far more in a sale than the market will accord them under current Management. 

Managers of these banks are a walking invitation for a good kick in the pants. Were I to see a shareholder proposal recommending the sale of any of these banks in a proxy statement, I would very likely vote for it. 
  1. 1895 Bancorp of WIS (BCOW)
  2. Ameriserv Financial (ASRV)
  3. BankFinancial (BFIN)
  4. Broadway Financial (BYFC)
  5. California Bancorp (CALB)
  6. Citizens Community Bancorp (CZWI)
  7. Community Bank of Santa Maria (CYSM)
  8. Community First Bancorporation (CFOK)
  9. First Commerce Bancorporation (CMRB)
  10. First US Bancshares (FUSB)
  11. FVCBankcorp (FVCB)
  12. Horizon Bancorp (HBNC)
  13. LCNB Corp (LCNB)
  14. Lewis & Clark Bancorp (LWCL)
  15. MainStreet Bancshares (MNSB)
  16. North Dallas Bank & Trust (NODB)
  17. NSTS Bancorp (NSTS)
  18. Oregon Pacific Bancorp (ORPB)
  19. Pathfinder Bancorp (PBHC)
  20. Ponce Financial (PDLB)
  21. Provident Financial Holdings (PROV) 
  22. Third Century Bancorp (TDCB) 
  23. Touchstone Bankshares (TSBA)
  24. Town Center Bank (TCNB)
Sources

Oxford Bank Corp, Oxford, MI (OXBC)

Another Case of Book-ish and 10x


If you read my October review of Central Federal Corp, you heard that I've been seeing a number of well-run banks where investors can buy shares at book value, 10x earnings, or both, and reasonably anticipate doubling their money in three or four years.

Oxford Bank Corp is just one of these. It hasn't been particularly well-run historically, but the side story of its top shareholders has me excited for the next chapter.

In three years, I see OXBC's book value approaching $30 per share, earnings $3.50, and trading price $40.


Disclosure: As of this posting, I own shares of OXBC and may subsequently either dispose of them or purchase more.


Prospective Buyers

I can name eight banks that would find Oxford Bank's leading market share in several Michigan cities appealing. Here are the three I believe can most afford to book a deal.

Independent Bank Corp, Grand Rapids, MI (IBCP)
Horizon Bancorp, Michigan City, IN (HBNC)
Waterford Bancorp, Toledo, OH (private)

Financial Snapshot
as of 06/30/2019

Total assets:
$461M
Tangible book value per share:   
$18.91
NPAs to assets:
0.50%
Price to book:
1.08%
Market cap:
$47.2M
Dividend yield:
0%
Trailing 12-month ROA:
0.96%
Trailing 12-month ROE:
10.69%

The Crew

Karen Mersino, Chairman
David P. Lamb, President and CEO
Richard K. Thompson, Director, largest shareholder

The Skinny

There are a few scoundrels in the Oxford Bank Corp story, but Director Richard Thompson's history in bank stocks investing and governance gives me hope for a happy ending.

The Oxford Bank Corp Story

In recent chapters, OXBC insiders have crossed some lines.

December 2014 - Oxford Bank Corp is accused of self-dealing after selling shares mostly to its own directors at a depressed price of $8 per share when OXBC book value per share was $18. Chairman Mersino alone bought a quarter of the shares sold.

December 2015 - The bank expanded its self-dealing sale of OXBC stock to include friends, again at the depressed price of $8 per share, again excluding other shareholders.

March 2018 - Oxford entered into a Cease and Desist Order for BSA violations. The Order stated that Oxford Bank Corp was to immediately notify OXBC shareholders. The bank did not. Clearly, its board has little regard for the law.

June 2019 - The bank entered a Consent Order for violation of Consumer Protection and Compliance, which again required OXBC to notify shareholders. In the bank's August quarterly earnings press release, which typically includes management's commentary and would have been the right and expected place and time for this notification, there is an oddly blank page.

To date, Oxford Bank Corp Management has ignored all inquiries from me and other OXBC shareholders about these matters.

In the next chapter, OXBC shareholders should put the heat on Oxford's Board. Technically, Oxford Bank Corp has another chance to notify shareholders of its Consumer Protection and Compliance violations. Let's see if they tell us in their "notice or proxy statement preceding the Bank's next shareholder meeting" (scheduled for May 2020), as the Consent Order requires.

The Thompson - Clemente Side Story

The tale of OXBC's two largest shareholders of gives me hope for the future of the stock.

In 2015, Richard Thompson was one of the lucky friends invited to buy OXBC. He bought 201,000 shares in that $8/share deal, took a board seat, and picked up another another 118,000 shares in the open market. Today, Thompson has a 14% stake in OXBC and is the bank's largest shareholder. At current OXBC trading levels, his stake is worth $6.5M.

Thompson and OXBC's second largest shareholder, Robert Clemente, have been governing businesses together for over 25 years. In 1993, 26-year old Thompson served on the board of Secom, where Clemente was Chairman and Thompson's father was the largest shareholder. Together, Thompson and Clemente own 25% of OXBC. (The next largest insider, Chairman Mersino, owns a mere 2%).

Thankfully, OXBC is neither the first nor only bank stock in the pair's portfolio. Thompson and Clemente also own 18% of First National Bank in nearby Howell (FNHM), where Clemente has a board seat. The two also have a combined 39% stake in nearby Clarkston Financial Corporation (CKFC), on whose board Thompson serves. The pair's involvement with Clarkston pre-dates their relationship with OXBC by at least three years.

This past June, Thompson and his fellow Directors at Clarkston, agreed to sell their bank to Waterford Bancorp for 189% of book value. That merger is in progress. Applying the same 189% valuation to Oxford Bank Corp would yield a sale price of $35.70 per share, increasing the value of Thompson’s stake in OXBC to $11.4M.

Clearly, OXBC's largest shareholders are professional businessmen, directors, and investors with a thorough understanding of their area banking marketplace. I believe it safe to assume they are profit motivated advocates of good governance. In the final chapter, they will be the heroes of the Oxford Bank Story.


Sources

CFS Bancorp, Munster, IN (CITZ)

A Case of Feeding One Family Well in Munster, Indiana


Given CFS Bancorp's dangerously thinning equity—fallen from $258M to $103M in the 14 years since the bank came public—can it really hope to do any better than be rescued by a sale? 

After years of feeding prior management at the expense of stakeholders, and constantly buying stock back at multiples of today's price, this anorexic bank has run out of room to do anything else. Someone, please, bring in the cheese and put an end to the starvation!

Disclosure: As of this posting, I own shares of CITZ and may subsequently either dispose of them or purchase more.

Prospective Buyers
BMO Financial Group, Toronto, Canada (BMO)
Fifth Third Bancorp, Cincinnati, OH (FITB)
First Midwest Bancorp, Itasca, IL (FMBI)
Horizon Bancorp, Michigan City, IN (HBNC)
Financial Snapshot
(as of 3/31/2012)

Total assets:
$1.170B
Tangible book value per share:
$9.66
NPAs to assets:
6.3%
Price to book:
56%
Market cap:
$57.8M
Dividend yield:
0.7%
Trailing 12-month return on assets:
- 0.9%
Trailing 12-month return on equity:
- 0.3%
The Cast
Robert Ross, Chairman
Daryl Pomranke, President, CEO, COO
Jerry Weberling, Executive VP, CFO
Red Flags
CITZ hasn't delivered an adequate return on assets or equity since going public in 1998, achieving at best the meager "high" of 5.7% return on equity in 2007, a year when they were loading up on risky real estate loans that would later come back to haunt them.

While they've declined from their peak of $86M at year end 2010, CFS Bancorp's NPAs are still a hefty $65.7M, a high 10.1% of loans and REO, and up $1M from last quarter, in spite of $1.7M in chargeoffs.

CFS Bancorp's loan loss reserve is just $11.7M, a paltry 15.9% of NPAs. In contrast, Horizon's reserves to NPAs are 88%, Fifth Third's are 55%, and First Midwest's are 48%.

Since their mutual conversion in the summer of 1998, CITZ shareholders' equity has declined from $258M to $103M.

Prior management cost shareholders an estimated $127M, when Chairman Tom Prisby fired his brother, President James Prisby, with a $1M severance. Why? For suggesting it was in the bank's best interest to sell to Bank Financial (BFIN) in 2004, when book value was $13 and a premium to book of 25% or more was predictable.

Former Chairman Tom Prisby, resigned in December 2011, only after receiving $1.2M severance, negotiating a nice severance for his daughter, and paying his son nearly $1M to "decorate" bank branches.
Sources

Horizon Bancorp, Michigan City, IN (HBNC)

The Case of a Five Star Performer on the Horizon of Lake Michigan


Want to hear a rare tale of a high performing bank trading at a bargain price? After 12 straight years of record earnings and greater than 17% return on equity, Horizon's current price is barely above book value, even after rising five points in the past month. Given how much and for how long Horizon has been outshining its peers, I think at twice book it would still leave room for a nice return.


Disclosure: As of this posting, I own significant shares of HBNC and a 13-D filing position in acquisition target HRTB, and may subsequently either dispose of them or purchase more.

Prospective Buyers
In my opinion, Horizon shareholders are best served under the current leadership of Messrs Dwight and Edwards. However, it's comforting to know that the bank would be a great target for many companies, including:
Fifth Third, Cincinnati, OH (FITB)
Wells Fargo, San Francisco, CA (WFC)
Financial Snapshot
(as of 3/31/2012)

Total assets:
$1.5B
Tangible book value per share:
$21.35
NPAs to assets:
1.4%
Price to book:
110%
Market cap:
$125M
Dividend yield:
2.1%
Trailing 12-month return on assets:
1%
Trailing 12-month return on equity:
12%
Luminaries
Robert Dabagia, Chairman
Craig Dwight, CEO
Thomas Edwards, President, COO
Gold Stars
Horizon was recently named one of just 45 banks on the Keefe, Bruyette & Woods Honor Roll of top performing banks in the country.

Horizon's earnings grew by 58%, from $8.1M in 2007 to $12.8M in 2011, navigating through the Great Recession with flying colors.

Q1 2012 performance measures show even greater profitability—a 1.2% return on assets, 14.7% return on equity, and an even more impressive 17.6% return on tangible common equity.

Horizon hasn't experienced a single loss for any quarter for at least the past six years. In contrast, the aggregate earnings of all banks in Indiana and Michigan were a loss in both 2008 and 2009.

The highest level of NPAs to total loans Horizon ever reached in the past five years was 2.4% vs the industry average of nearly 5%.
Sources